Inconsistency in The Character of Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shak

Inconsistency in TheCharacter of hamlet The perfection of Hamlets disposition has been called in question - perhaps by those who do not understand it. The character of Hamlet stands by itself. It is not a character marked by strength of will or even of passion, notwithstanding by refinement of thought and sentiment. Hamlet is as little of the hero as a man can be. He is a young and princely novice, full of high enthusiasm and quick sensibility - the sport of circumstances, questioning with great deal and refining on his own feelings, and forced from his natural disposition by the strangeness of his situation. Hamlet seems incapable of deliberate action, and is unless hurried into extremities on the encourage of the occasion, when he has no time to reflect, as in the scene where he kills Polonius, and again, where he alters the letters which Rosencraus and Guildenstern are taking with them to England, purporting his death. At other times, when he is roughly bound to act, he re mains puzzled, undecided, and skeptical, until the occasion is lost, and he finds some pretence to relapse into indolence and thoughtfulness again. For this reason he refuses to kill the King when he is at his prayers, and by a refinement in malice, which is in truth only an excuse for his own want of resolution, defers his revenge to a more opprobrious opportunity, when he will be engaged in some act that has no relish of salvation in it. Now might I do it pat now he is praying And now Ill do t - and so he goes to heaven And so am I revengd? - that would be scanned A villain kills my experience and for that I, his sole son, do this same villain send To heaven. O, this is hire and salary, not revenge ... Up sword and know thou a more dreaded hent, Whe... ... explaining the cause of his alienation, which he hardly trust himself to think of. It would have taken him years to have come to a direct explanation on the point. In the harassed state of his mind, he could not have done m uch other than what he did. His conduct does not contradict what he says when he sees her funeral, I loved Ophelia forty thousand brothers Could not with all their quantity of love Make up my sum - Act v., sc. 1. In conclusion, Shakespeare has been accused of inconsistency with Hamlet only because he has kept up the distinction which there is in nature, between the understandings and the moral habits of men, between the absurdity of their ideas and the absurdity of their motives. Hamlet is not a fool, but he makes himself so. His folly, whether in his actions or speeches, comes under the category of impropriety of intention.

Richard Gatling - The Gatling Gun :: essays research papers

Richard Jordan Gatling was born in January 1818 in Winton North Carolina, and died at the age of 85 in 1903. Gatlings career as an inventor began when he assisted his father in the construction of machines for sowing cottonseeds, and also for thinning cotton plants. He spent a lot of time in the fields with his father who helped him build some of his inventions. Richard Jordan Gatling was a medical doctor with numerous patents for his farm equipment inventions. To his credit he came up with the famous 1862-model Revolving Battery Gun, that is instanter referred to as the Gatling gun. The 1862-model was one of the first reliable Revolving guns, just still had a few problems that needed to be fixed. Richard was not the first to manufacture a multi-fire gun, but his was the first multi-fire gun utilize in war because of its fast, rapid fire, and ease to use. Major General Ben F. Butler purchased 12, 1862-model gatling guns for $1000 each and used them successfully at the battle of Petersburg in 1863. In 1865 Gatlings improved model, the 1865-gun was tested by the Ordnance Department. One of the changes between the improved Gatling gun and the old one, was that the new weapon used rim fire copper-cased cartridges instead of the steel-chambered paper kind. Though this model did not see service, it was adopted officially in 1866. The military was so pleased with the accomplishment of the Gatling gun that it has been used in every battle since it was invented to this day and has been continuously upgraded and improved. Having received government approval, Gatling began to sell his guns throughout the world. This was a big mark in Richardss future, he had gone from working in the fields to developing a gun that is used throughout the military of the world. The gun was a hand-crank-operated weapon with six barrels revolving around a central shaft. Having a gun that revolves was very difficult because the barrels would not always line up decently when being fired. The original gun was actually designed to fire the standard military issue paper cartridge of the day, .58 caliber. A .58 caliber bullet has a diameter of an inch and is capable of damaging anything it hits. The paper cartridge was placed inside a steel or brass chamber with a percussion nipple on the back end just like the muzzle loading rifles and pistols of there time.

Menace II Society and Colonization :: essays research papers

A crooked childhood its what the way I am,Its got me in the state where I dont give a damn,Somebody helped me but now they dont let on me,I guess I be an another(prenominal) victim of the ghettoSo I guess I gotta do what so I aint finishedI grew up to be a streiht up menace, geah.-Streiht Up scupper by MC Eiht The song lyrics above are from the soundtrack of the film Menace II order of magnitude and correspond leasely to the hardships that people are given when growing up in the ghetto and when surrounded by a life of violence. Because they know nothing other than this aggressive and brutal way of life, they continue this violent cycle and rarely break away to begin a new way of life.Twin brothers Albert and Allen Hughes direct the film. The Hughes began making movies at age 12, but their formal film education began their freshman year of high school when Allen took a TV production class. They currently made a short film entitled How To Be A Burglar and people began to take not ice. Their next work, Uncensored Videos, was broadcast on cable, introducing them to a wider audience. After high school, Albert began taking classes at the Los Angeles Community College Film School. Two short films established the twins reputation as innovative filmmakers and allowed them to direct Menace II Society (1993), which made its world premiere at the Cannes Film Festival and grossed nearly 10 times as much as its $3 million budget. After following up with Dead Presidents (1995) they directed the feature-length documentary American Pimp (1999). From the very first scene, detailing Caine and O-Dogs fatal armed robbery of a Korean market, violence is cruelly graphic. In this instance, the film succeeds in painting a disturbing picture of violence, one in which the characters lack of remorse, or else than stylistic convention, shapes and colors the horror of the image. Although most of the violence is filmed realistically and unfolds in real time, the Hughes cant seem to re sist stylizing some of the more important memoir events. Thus, while the robbery introduces violence, O-Dogs shooting of the Korean market owner is shown directly only further into the story, when black and white images of the stores stolen surveillance video are compete and replayed for the entertainment of Caine, O-Dog, and their friends. While an innovative means of conveying action, the video becomes nothing more than a diversion.

Why DsbA is Such an Oxidizing Disulfide Catalyst Essay -- Biology Enzy

Why is DsbA Such an Oxidizing Disulfide Catalyst?IntroductionThe importance of the DsbA enzyme is due to its protein-folding ability in Escherichia coli bacteria. Protein is an essential region of all forms of life. Genes code for proteins, both structural and enzymes responsible for the utilization of other macromolecules. All bodily functions, therefore, are dependent upon proteins. Every protein, or polypeptide chain, uses the amino sharp cysteine, which contain dithiol molecules. IN E. coli, this reversible redox reaction takes place between the endoplasm in the center of the cell and the periplasm surrounding it (see figure A below). The endoplasm is a cut back environment which contains thioredoxin, the catalyst responsible for reducing disulfide molecules to dithiol and maintaining the reduced state of the endoplasm. The periplasm, on the other hand, is oxidized. It contains DsbA, which catalyzes the oxidation of dithiol to disulfide. Proteins essential for cell function ar e manufactured at bottom the reduced endoplasm. After the polypeptide chain has been formed, however, the macromolecule essential fold into its tertiary structure, which is essential for function. This structure utilizes disulfide and hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds require the presence of oxygen, so the protein must enter an oxidized environment. The protein is exported into the periplasm, therefore, where disulfides are able to aid in the folding process. The finished protein is now able to function normally.QuestionWhile studying this process, the researchers noted that the structures of DsbA and thioredoxin are remarkably similar. What then, they wondered, is responsible for the difference in function between the two? Why does DsbA oxidize and thio... ..., has been disproved by several observations. One of these is that there is no evidence of strain in the active site disulfide of DsbA because all bond angles are close to optimal and when superimposed on the active site of t he a lot less oxidizing thioredoxin, the position of the carbons match. His-32 also seems to play an important role in determining the oxidizing power of DsbA. His-32 is found in DsbA, and not in the less oxidizing thioredoxin. The effectivity of DsbA as a catalyst depends on its redox potential, which can be easily measured, however, it also depends on the kinetics at which it participates in the disulfide interchanges, which is much more(prenominal) difficult to measure. The factors determining the redox potential of DsbA are becoming clear, but many questions still remain unanswered about how DsbA reoxidizes and how it kinetically interacts with proteins.

My Personal Battle with Gender Discrimination Essay -- essays research

My Personal battle with Gender DiscriminationYou know that feeling. When you can feel the blood gathering in your cheeks, your clammy fists clench, and your limbs tingle, wanting to fountain out and smash something. Then you yell, whine, complain to anyone who will listen. Their only condolence is, boys will be boys. Every year in August, my family on my moms side gathers at my aunt and uncles house for a family reunion. They own a huge portion of land in the heart of minute containing several(prenominal) ponds, a creek, a golf course and lots of camping area. The property is a suckn for the outdoorsman, which seems to inspire testosterone in my uncles, male cousins, and even my father. I have been a tomboy since I could walk I always preferred building forts outside to playing with Barbies. I played association football instead of volleyb any, I bathed in a creek instead of the bathtub, and I rode my bike more than I walked. I HATED wearing dresses and often preferred running o r so in the dirty jeans and an oversized tee-shirt. I was deemed the weird kid in ele mentary school. As a child, my feisty nature compelled me to argue for respect and caution from the adults in my boy-favoring family. My grandmother especially favored my male cousins over the female cousins however, my constant spirit and determination won my Grandmothers attention and purity of being her favorite grandchild. We have several traditions at the Schulz family reunion including tractor rides, storytelling, and card tournaments. Then, there were the traditions that I fought the mens fishing trips, golf, and horseshoe tournaments while the women groom dinner. After the daylong events, the men would arrive back to the campsite, eat the prepared food, and go back to their previous activities while the women cleaned up and did the dishes. Out of the four days, the men made possibly one meal. I brought this up to my mom, and she replied by saying If we didnt do it, the men never would. B eing a very young girl, I always wanted to go on the fishing trips. What could be more fun than riding a mile on a pigeon berry pulled by a tractor down a giant hill on a snake infested path to a creek filled with bass, frogs and other Missouri natives? One time, I got the courage to ask my dad if I could go on the fishing tr... ...rpillars out of his trees when the boys wouldnt. I have dealt with gender discrimination all of my life. Granted it has always been very minor cases, exactly it still weakens my spirit. I want to feel kindred I can do anything I dream, but sometimes people dont take me seriously because I am a girl. That is why I have been on a conquering to impress and gain the respect of the people in my family who havent taken me seriously. I have become a very dedicated skier and soccer player not only because I love the sports, but also because I wish to advance in a male-dominated sport. When I ski or play soccer with my male cousins, they always try to point out my mistakes rather than my talent, even though I am much better than them. It seems like a hopeless goal. No matter how talented I become, I dont receive their compliments because I am a girl. I hate being discluded from the activities that I love because of my gender. I hate being told that I cant possibly do something because I am a girl. I also hate the fact that no matter how much I accomplish, my accomplishments arent as important because I was born a girl. Someday, I will show them that I can do anything they can do, better.

Analysis of “Fight Club” Essay -- Fight Club Movie Film Essays

Analysis of make do ClubFor years David Fincher has directed more or less of the most stylish and creative thrillers in American movies. His works include Aliens 3, Seven, The Game and Fight Club. Each of these films has been not only pleasing and fun to tolerate but each has commented on society, making the viewers think outside the normal and analyze their world. Fight Club is no exception, it is a multi-layered film with many a(prenominal) subplots and themes, but primarily it is a surrealistic description of the status of the American male at the end of the twentieth century. David Flinchers movie, Fight Club, shows how consumerism has caused the emasculation of the new(a) male and tells a tale of liberation from a corporate controlled society. In the movie Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt) comments on the new way of life, We are products of lifestyle obsession. Murder, crime, poverty do not concern me. What concerns me are celebrity magazines, television with five hundred cannels an d a designer name on my underwear. The film, Fight Club shows the consumer culture in which the 20th century male lives in and how it is a deconstruction of individuality. The film gives many examples of this the main section of the film (Ed Norton) prays while looking through an IKEA catalog, What anatomy of plates define me as a person. Hes not asking what personal characteristics and attributes define him but what possession most accurately does. Also, Ed Nortons character has no name he is only referred to as the 90s everyman, the IKEA man. The film shows the extensive emphases the consumer-based culture of the 20th century has on personal identity and values associated with being a man. Corporations have replaced personal qualities with corporate logos. The modern male cannot be anything unless he has certain products in his possession. No longer does single own things, his things own him. The contemporary male is a slave of the IKEA nesting instinct. The main characters a bsence of a name only exemplifies this the buying of furniture from IKEA gives the main character (Ed Norton) his identity, without being a consumer the main character would remain undefined and anonymous. In the movie, the two main characters, (Ed Norton) and Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt), are staring at a Calvin Klein ad and ask each other is this what a man is supposed to look like. Fight Club shows the extent of consumerism contro... ...od. By blowing up his IKEA catalog apartment and living in a dilapidated house without concern for owning products and designer names, Ed Nortons character releases himself his consumer controlled life and begins a journey to regain his manhood. He does this by creating Fight Club, which is an underground boxing club for men. Fight Club lets men live by liberating them. They are allowed to express their primal nature, to be men and reclaim their breakaway strength, courage and power. It was said, When a man first enters Fight Club he was a wad of co okie-dough, a couple weeks later he was carved of wood. The 20th century males struggle still continues today, the 21st century is a corporate controlled society, in a consumer culture that gives life value by what is bought and owned, not by the individual. The modern male is emasculated in this feminist culture. David Fincher does an excellent job of taking a contemporary subject and putting it on film. Fight Club takes these themes, consumerism, emasculation of the male and liberation and weaves them together to make a great narrative on the unfilled, castrated male who desperately seeks to be free from societies control.

Advantages of a Press Club in schools Essay

A press nine is an organization for journalists and others professionally engaged in the production and dissemination of news. The press generally has to do with gathering, evaluating and distributing facts of current interest. It makes use of reporters, learners in this case, who research and write stories to be presented during tame assemblies or to be posted on boards often with the guidance teachers as editors. such news, in most cases consists of events that have happened in the school, the current ones, and those still on the pipeline. A school press rules of order is important to the learners involved, school at broad and even the community. There are a number of benefits that can be aligned with a press club. Some are The press club allow for furnish the students and school populace with the information of things happening around them in the school, within the country and the world at large. It in any case brings the community closer to the school and makes pot feel a s though they are active participants in the education process as they asked to comment on aspects of either the school or education system every now and then.The club would help build interpersonal skills in members as they will interact with a number of people in search for information. The club can create in learners both in the club and outside the interest in a journalism career. It would too instill and build confidence and self-esteem in learners. It also gives training on journalism to those involved. A press club also does establish a ending of excellence. The learners will strive to produce the best they can. It isnt anything that is ever verbalized or stressed in the program it is inherent in the culture of the program. They think they are supposed to be the best, and they make it reality. It would also impart into learners the skill of researching which they will also use in other areas of learning.The press club will also impart and improve the writing and speech skil ls in learners as they will be exposed to it, be it daily or weekly. As the Chinese put it tell me and I will forget, show me and I will remember, involve me and I will understand, a press club is one such forumwhere our pupils can be involved in their learning and surely they will not only remember but also understand. With press clubs in our schools, we will have learners who will understand that composition writing is not always letter writing but it involves much more. let us ensure that we have these clubs in our schools and maybe and just maybe we may always be updated on the number of districts the nation has

The Vampire Diaries: The Struggle Chapter Nine

I know Im going to be sorry I asked this, Matt verbalize, twist red-rimmed eyes from their contemplation of I-95 to Stefan in the passenger seat beside him. But can you tell mewhy we want these extra-special, not-available-loc t bring away ensembley, semi-tropical weeds for Elena?Stefan looked into the abide seat at the results of their chase through hedgerows and rough grass. The plants, with their branching green stems and their sm al iodin-toothed leaves, did look more like weeds than anything else. The dried cadaver of blossoms at the ends of the shoots were almost invisible, and no cardinal could impress the shoots themselves were decorative.What if I said they could be used to make an all-natural eyewash? he offered, after a moments thought. Or an herbal tea?Why? Were you intending of say something like that?Good. Because if you did Id probably deck you.Without actually looking at Matt, Stefan smiled. There was something new stirring inside him, something he hadnt en tangle for nearly five centuries, tho with Elena. Acceptance. Warmth and friendship shared with a fellow being, who did not know the truth about him, exactly who trusted him anyway. Who was entrusting to take him on faith. He wasnt sure he deserved it, but he couldnt deny what it meant to him. It almost made him feel human again.Elena stared at her image in the mirror. It hadnt been a dream. non entirely. The wounds in her neck proved that. And now that shed seen them, she noticed the feeling of light-headedness, of lethargy.It was her own fault. Shed taken so much trouble to warn middling and Meredith not to draw any strangers into their houses. And all the while shed forgotten that she herself had invited Damon into Bonnies house. Shed d hotshot it that shadow she had set up the dumb supper in Bonnies dining room and called out into the darkness, Come in.And the invitation was slap-up forever. He could return any time he liked, unconstipated now. Especially now, while sh e was weak and might easily be hypnotized into unlocking a window again.Elena stumbled out of the bathroom, past Bonnie, and into the guest bedroom. She grabbed her tote bag and began stuffing things into it.Elena, you cant go homeI cant stay here, Elena said. She looked around for her shoes, spotted them by the bed, and started forward. and so she stopped, with a strangled sound. Lying on the dainty crumpled linen of the bed on that point was a single black feather. It was huge, horribly huge and rattling and solid, with a thick, waxy-looking shaft. It looked almost obscene resting there on the white percale sheets.Nausea swept over Elena, and she turned away. She couldnt breathe.Okay, okay, Bonnie said. If you feel that way about it, Ill yield soda pop to take you home.You have to come, too. It had middling dawned on Elena that Bonnie was no safer in this house than she was. Youand your loved ones , she remembered, and turned to grasp Bonnies arm. Youhave to, Bonnie. I mot ive you with me.And at give way she got her way. The McCulloughs thought she was hysterical, that she was overreacting, possibly that she was having a nervous break down. But finally they gave in. Mr. McCullough drove her and Bonnie to the Gilbert house, where, feeling like burglars, they unlocked the door and crept inside without open-eyed anyone up.Even here, Elena couldnt sleep. She lay beside Bonnies softly breathing form, staring toward her bedroom window, watching. Outside, the quince branches squeaked against the glass, but nothing else moved until dawn.Stefan She had never been so glad to see anyone in her life. She flung herself upon him before he could up to now shut the car door.He swayed backward with the force of her impact, and she could feel his surprise. She wasnt usually so demonstrative in public.Hey, he said, reversive the hug gently. Me, too, but dont crush the flowers.Flowers? She pulled back to look at what he was carrying then, she looked at his face. Then at Matt, who was emerging from the other side of the car. Stefans face was discolor and drawn Matts was puffy with tiredness, with bloodshot eyes.Youd better come inside, she said at last, bewildered. You both look awful.Its vervain, said Stefan, some time later. He and Elena were sitting at the kitchen table. Through the open doorway, Matt could be seen stretched out on the family room sofa, snoring gently. Hed flopped there after eating three bowls of cereal. Aunt Judith, Bonnie, and Margaret were calm down upstairs asleep, but Stefan unploughed his voice low just the same. You remember what I told you about it? he said.You said it helps keep your mind clear even when someone is using Power to influence it. Elena was proud of how steady her voice was.Right. And thats one of the things Damon might try. He can use the power of his mind even from a distance, and he can do it whether youre awake or asleep.Tears filled Elenas eyes, and she looked down to hide them, gazing at the lo ng slender stems with the dried remains of tiny lilac flowers at the very tips. Asleep? she said, afraid that this time her voice was not as steady.Yes. He could influence you to come out of the house, say, or to let him in. But the vervain should prevent that. Stefan sounded tired, but satisfied with himself.Oh, Stefan, if you only knew, Elena thought. The gift had come one night too late. In spite of all her efforts, a tear fell, dripping onto the long green leaves.Elena He sounded startled. What is it? Tell me.He was trying to look into her face, but she bowed her head, pressing it into his shoulder. He put up his arms around her, not trying to force her up again. Tell me, he repeated softly.This was the moment. If she was ever going to tell him, it should be now. Her throat felt burned and swollen, and she wanted to let all the words inside pour out.But she couldnt. No matter what, I wont let them fight over me, she thought.Its just that I was worried about you, she managed. I didnt know where youd gone, or when you were coming back.Thats all. in a flash she would have to swear Bonnie to secrecy about the genus Corvus. Why did one lie always lead to another? What should we do with the vervain? she asked, sitting back.Ill show you tonight. Once Ive extracted the oil from the seeds, you can rub it into your skin or sum it to a bath. And you can make the dried leaves into a sachet and carry it with you or put it under your pillow at night.Id better give them to Bonnie and Meredith, too. Theyll need protection.He nodded. For now He broke off a sprig and placed it in her hand. just take this to school with you. Im going back to the embarkation house to extract the oil. He paused a moment and then spoke. ElenaYes?If I thought it would do you any good, Id leave. I wouldnt expose you to Damon. But I dont trust hed follow me if I went, not any more. I think he might stay because of you.Dont eventhink about leaving, she said fiercely, looking up at him. Stefan, thats the one thing I couldnt stand. Promise you wont promise me.I wont leave you alone with him, Stefan said, which was not quite the same thing. But there was no point in pushing him further.Instead, she helped him wake up Matt, and saw them both off. Then, with a stem of dried vervain in her hand, she went upstairs to get ready for school.Bonnie yawned all the way through breakfast, and she didnt really wake up until they were outside, walking to school with a brisk breeze in their faces. It was going to be a cold-blooded day.I had a very weird dream last night, Bonnie said.Elenas heart jumped. Shed already tucked a sprig of vervain into Bonnies backpack, down at the bottom, where Bonnie wouldnt see it. But if Damon had gotten to Bonnie last nightWhat about? she said, bracing herself.About you. I saw you standing under a guide and the wind was blowing. For some reason, I was afraid of you, and I didnt want to go any closer. You looked different. Very pale but almost glo wing. And then a crow flew down from the tree, and you reached out and grabbed it in midair. You were so fast it was unbelievable. And then you looked over at me, with this expression. You were smiling, but it made me want to run. And then you twisted the crows neck, and it was dead.Elena had listened to this with growing horror. Now she said, Thats adisgusting dream.It is, isnt it? said Bonnie composedly. I wonder what it means? Crows are birds of ill omen in the legends. They can foretell a death.Yes, Bonnie said. Except for one thing. I had this dreambefore you woke us all up screaming.That day at lunchtime there was another piece of violet paper on the office publicize board. This one, though, read simplyLOOK IN PERSONALS. What personals? said Bonnie.Meredith, walking up at that moment with a copy of theWildcat Weekly , the school newspaper, provided the answer. Have you seen this? she said.It was in the personals section, completely anonymous, with neither salutation nor signa ture. Icant bear the thought of losing him. But hes so very unhappy about something, and if he wont tell me what it is, if he wont trust me that much, I dont see any hope for us.Reading it, Elena felt a burst of new energy through her tiredness. Oh, God, she hated whoever was doing this. She imagined shooting them, stabbing them, watching them fall. And then, vividly, she imagined something else. Yanking back a fistful of the thiefs hair and sinking her teething into an unprotected throat. It was a strange, unsettling vision, but for a moment it almost attended real.She became aware that Bonnie and Meredith were looking at her.Well? she said, feeling slightly uncomfortable.I could tell you werent listening, sighed Bonnie. I just said it still doesnt look like Da like the killers work to me. It doesnt seem like a murderer would be so petty.Much as I hate to agree with her, shes right, Meredith said. This smells like someone sneaky. Someone who has a scotch against you personally and who really wants to make you suffer.Saliva had collected in Elenas mouth, and she swallowed. Also somebody whos familiar with the school. They had to fill out a form for a personals centre in one of the journalism classes, she said.And somebody who knew you kept a diary, assuming they stole it on purpose. Maybe they were in one of your classes that day you took it to school. Remember? When Mr. sixpence almost caught you, Bonnie added.Ms. Halperndid catch me she even read some of it aloud, a bit about Stefan. That was right after Stefan and I got together. Wait a minute, Bonnie. That night at your house when the diary was stolen, how long were you two out of the living room?Just a few minutes. Yangtze had stopped barking, and I went to the door to let him in, and Bonnie pressed her lips together and shrugged.So the thief had to be familiar with your house, said Meredith swiftly, or he or she wouldnt have been able to get in, get the diary, and get out again before we saw them. A ll right, then, were looking for someone sneaky and cruel, probably in one of your classes, Elena, and most likely familiar with Bonnies house. Someone who has a personal grudge and will stoop to anything to get you Oh, my God.The three of them stared at one another.Were so stupid we should have seen it right away, said Meredith.For Elena, it meant the sudden realization that all the anger shed felt about this before was nothing to the anger she was capable of feeling. A candle flame to the sun.Caroline, she said, and clenched her teeth so hard her jaw appall.Caroline. Elena actually felt she could kill the green-eyed girl right now. And she might have rushed out to try if Bonnie and Meredith hadnt stopped her.After school, said Meredith firmly, when we can take her somewhere private. Just wait that long, Elena.But as they headed for the cafeteria, Elena noticed an auburn head disappearing down the art and music corridor. And she remembered something Stefan had said earlier this ye ar, about Caroline taking him into the photography room at lunchtime. For privacy, Caroline had told him.You two go on I forgot something, she said as soon as Bonnie and Meredith both had food on their cafeteria trays. Then she pretended to be deaf as she walked rapidly out and backtracked to the art wing.All the rooms were dark, but the photography rooms door was unlocked. Something made Elena turn the knob cautiously, and move quietly once she was inside, rather than marching in to start a confrontation as shed planned. Was Caroline in here? If so, what was she doing alone in the dark?The room appeared at first to be deserted. Then Elena heard the murmur of voices from a small alcove at the back, and she saw that the darkroom door was ajar.Silently, stealthily, she made her way until she stood just outside the doorway, and the murmur of sound indomitable itself into words.But how can we be sure shell be the one they pick? That was Caroline.My fathers on the school board. Theyll p ick her, all right. Andthat was Tyler Smallwood. His father was a lawyer, and on each board there was. Besides, who else would it be? he continued. The Spirit of Fells Church is supposed to be brainy as well as built.AndI dont have brains, I suppose?Did I say that? Look, if you want to be the one to parade in a white dress on Founders Day, fine. But if you want to see Stefan Salvatore run out of town on the evidence of his own girlfriends diaryBut why wait so long?Tyler sounded impatient. Because this way itll ruin the celebration, too. TheFells celebration. Why shouldthey get the course credit for founding this town? The Smallwoods were here first.Oh, who cares about who founded the town? All I want is to see Elena humiliated in front of the entireAnd Salvatore. The pure hate and malice in Tylers voice made Elenas flesh crawl. Hell be lucky if he doesnt end up hanging from a tree. Youre sure the evidence is there?How many multiplication do I have to tell you? First, it says she lost the ribbon on September second in the cemetery. Then, it says Stefan picked it up that day and kept it. Wickery Bridge is right beside the cemetery. That means Stefan was near the bridge on September second, the night the old man was attacked there. Everybody already knows he was on hand for the attacks on Vickie and Tanner. What more do you want?It would never stand up in court. Maybe I should get some corroborating evidence. Like ask old Mrs. Flowers what time he got home that night.Oh, whocares ? Most people think hes guilty already. The diary talks about some big secret hes hiding from everyone. People will get the idea.Youre keeping it in a safe place?No, Tyler, Im keeping it out on the coffee table. How stupid do you think I am?Stupid enough to send Elena notes tipping her off. There was a crackle, as of newspaper. Look at this, this is unbelievable. And its got to stop,now. What if she figures out whos doing it?Whats she going to do about it, call the police?I still want you to lay off. Just wait until Founders Day then youll get to watch the Ice Princess melt.And to say ciao to Stefan. Tyler nobodys really going to hurt him, are they?Whocares? Tyler mocked her earlier tone. You leave that to me and my friends, Caroline. You just do your part, okay?Carolines voice dropped to a throaty murmur. Convince me. After a pause Tyler chuckled.There was movement, rustling sounds, a sigh. Elena turned and slipped out of the room as quietly as she had come in.She got into the next hallway, and then she leaned against the lockers there, trying to think.It was almost too much to resume at once. Caroline, who had once been her best friend, had betrayed her and wanted to see her humiliated in front of the whole school. Tyler, whod always seemed more an annoying jerk than a real threat, was planning to get Stefan driven out of town or killed. And the worst thing was that they were using Elenas own diary to do it.Now she understood the begin of her dream last ni ght. Shed had a dream like it the day before she had discovered that Stefan was missing. In both, Stefan had looked at her with angry, accusing eyes, and then he had thrown a book at her feet and walked away.Not a book. Her diary. Which had in it evidence that could be deadly to Stefan. Three times people in Fells Church had been attacked, and three times Stefan had been on the scene. What would that look And there was no way to tell the truth. Supposing she said, Stefan isnt guilty. Its his brother Damon who hates him and who knows how much Stefan hates even the thought of hurting and killing. And who followed Stefan around and attacked people to make Stefan think maybe Stefan had done it, to drive him mad. And whos here in townsomewhere look for him in the cemetery or in the woods. But, oh, by the way, dont just search for a fine-looking guy, because he might be a crow at the moment.Incidentally, hes a vampire.She didnt even believe it herself. It sounded fuddled.A twinge from the side of her neck reminded her how serious the ludicrous story really was. She felt odd today, almost as if she were sick. It was more than just tension and lack of sleep. She felt slightly dizzy, and at times the ground seemed to be spongy, giving way under her feet and then springing back.Flu symptoms, except that she was sure they werent due to anyvirus in her bloodstream.Damons fault, again. Everything was Damons fault, except the diary. She had no one to blame for that but herself. If only she hadnt written about Stefan, if only she hadnt brought the diary to school. If only she hadnt left it in Bonnies living room. If only, if only.Right now all that mattered was that she had to get it back.

How Media Affects Society Essay

There be still so many passel that will insist that the images on TV and words and picture in Newspaper are non responsible for the problems of the society. The media is a good source of info and entertainment. In this first section I will talk most how the media affect our awareness, knowledge, attitude and behavior. You will see how the people turn to media to learn about Moral, Values and interpersonal relationship from the media. The media give us a perception of various culture, religions and believes. These help the average person to identify him and new(prenominal)s. It show how people live on like, what they believe in and describe the society. For example most media portrait most middle eastern Arabs as terrorist. They describe their ways of life as not conform with the principle of democracy.But the truth is we do not know anything about their belief. Most television viewers consider Arabs as terrorist because of the way they are portrait in the news. Heavy usage of these images may result in the cultivation of this perception. News that we get from certain media contradict the real society. You have to really understand their religion and beliefs in order to make a statement about the person or the society. The media have a great effect on the society and in our life experience. We sometimes try to apply these concepts to our everyday life.Teenager like to watch TV shows about Love, fashion, Relationship, Violence, Speed and many other things when older people watch about Food, Health, workout, antiques and news from the world. Things in TOGO (West Africa) there is a TV show that airs every Thursday evening at 8 oclock. when you go around all the houses in the country at that time everybody is sitting and watching that series. I do not recollect the name of the series but it just impressive how a simple TV show can gather so many people at the same time. This affects everyone behaviors at that particular time.Media can be a great source of w isdom and knowledge but we should realize its impact on our society, our family ,our kid and our self. Media also causes people to have a negative view on themselves affecting their self esteem. If you were watching tv or watching a movie chances are that the stars of those shows are going to be attractive, slim or muscular. I believe that this gives a negative effect to teenagers who are still developing. By seeing this they think that they have to look and act the same as the people portrayed in these magazines or shows.

Perspective-taking Essay

derriere, 12 years old, sits anxiously on his desk, waiting for Ms fear to hand him the result of his math turn out. With hands in fervent prayer, he closes his eyes as Ms Terror lays the test paper on his table. A big red F screams to him the moment he opened his eyes. He has expected that grade because instead of reviewing for the test, he spent the night forgathering profits games with Aaron. His dilemma how can he get a good grade in next Fridays exam when Aaron is inviting him to play again? According to Magnus Linklater (2007), mates groups are a childs biggest influencers.This is undeniable as children believe their peers are the only ones who can understand them. tho adults should not underestimate their occupation solving abilities as they have a unique way of getting things done and answering their personal needs. Looking into Piagets cognitive development, we see that commode has upright entered the formal operational stage, wherein he develops the ability to thi nk about abstract concepts and discovers skills such as logical thought, deductive reasoning, and systematic planning (Van Wagner, 2007).With logic, washbasin chooses to study not only for his coming math test but also for all his other tests and sets aside internet games until weekend. He knows that doing so, he allow for get more than just a passing grade, and thus no more terror looks from Ms Terror as well as unrequested talks with Mom and Dad. Moreover, thinking abstractly, instead of relying on past experiences, John considers the possible consequences of agreeing to Aarons invitation. He would be reprimanded by Ms Terror or worse, she would call the attention of his parents.In addition, John chooses not to rely on trial-and-error methods of doing things, as he did when he was younger or in earliest stages of Piagets cognitive development (Van Wagner, 2007). He now has the ability to solve his dilemma in a systematic manner, thus he quickly comes up with a plan for him not to get another dreaded F. He reads his lessons few days before the test so he can play games with Aaron in his free time or review his lesson the night before the test and just play on weekends, whichever way he is comfortable with.But Johns interaction with his peers, Aaron in particular, should not be discouraged, as Piaget pointed out that a childs peer interaction is not just a major source of his or her cognitive development but his or her social development as well, specifically in role-taking and empathy (cited in Oden, 1987). John regards Aaron as his best friend, thus sustaining their friendship allows John to know his own self and his range of social interaction skills. Furthermore, since the two boys have passed the stage wherein they carry on just physical activities like childhood games, and they are now capable of sharing materials, being kind or helpful (Oden, 1987), and perceiving their friendship as financial backing individuality and mutuality, John either invi tes Aaron to review their lessons together before playing games or asks Aaron to postpone their leisure activity until the test is done so that severally can review on his own and eventually perform better in the test.The theory of moral development by psychologist Kohlberg, who drew inspiration from Piagets cognitive development, can also help answer Johns dilemma. John frivol aways into consideration the expectations of his family, as he tries to maintain, support, and justify that studying hard for the test is the right thing to do, in accordance to the conventional level of Kohlbergs theory. Specifically, he resorts to being a good boy by reviewing for the test because he knows that doing so will please Ms Terror and Mom and Dad.Johns behavior is judged by his intention, which is both good and important since he subject matter well (Kohlberg, 1971) for himself, for Ms Terror, for Mom and Dad, and even for society at large. John could solve his dilemma in various perspectives, which directly or indirectly take its root from Piagets cognitive theory. This only shows that students like John can solve their own dilemmas in their own respective ways. It is normal for them to falter and take a crap mistakes because through these, they get to learn, grow, and develop. Now, John sits comfortably on his desk, excited to see his grade on the math test. B it reads.

One-Party State: Texas vs. Oklahoma Essay

Texas For over a 100 years Texas was a one-party state of Democrats (Munisteri). Republicans did non have a chance until Abraham Lincoln who was against slavery and defended the Union during the Civil War. During this time before Republicans took over Texas was slack-willed and won majority of seats in the festinate and had all seats in Legislature. One of the best ways to describe this era was best stated by Author Steven, developed a free spirit, a pride in self-reliance and a work ethic that is still unmatched today Early Texans passd, loved and died entirely by their sustain efforts without relying on government to fulfill their needs. Just like modern Texans, early settlers cerebrated in families, churches and neighbors, non in bureaucracy (Munisteri). okeh Just like the Texans, Oklahoma was always a one-party state of Democrats. It was secured in the Democratic troupe and Republican did not have a chance. Even in 1964 Republicans won their inaugural election, the Democ rats still held 81% of seats (Gaddie). In the 1990s Republican took over and still run the show.Which party dominated Texas politics (for most of Texass fib after the 1876 Constitution), and what are the historical origins behind this dominance? Texas Democrats dominated Texas politics from 1863 to 1980. Still Democrats remained powerful, they gradually drowned. The Cause of this power was Texas did not vote in 1864 and 1868 collect to the Civil War and Reconstruction and from 1902 through 1965, Texas had basically stopped most blacks and many Latinos and poor whites through the poll tax and white primaries by not allowing them to register to vote.Oklahoma Oklahoma was dominated by Democrats almost their entire existence. From 1907 up until the 1990s the Democratic Party ran Oklahoma as a state. The yard for this is stated in the article written by Gaddie, For decades the bedrock of Democratic Party strength has been the southeastern part of the state, Little Dixie. This region i mported not just people, but also local culture, place names, architecture, and political tradition directly from a variety of southern states, especially Mississippi (Gaddie). In extension the most prominent people to support the Democrat Part come from Little Dixie as well. What were some of the ramifications of one-partyrule?After researching and development articles on Texas and Oklahoma one-party states, I came to the conclusion that the consequences would be harsh, or were harsh. It would make these states communist. Meaning government control all even the way citizens live and operate. They became robotic.What caused the rise of a two-party system in Texas?The division of ideas led to the creation of the two-party system. The main issue between the two parties was how they hoped the Constitution should be read and interpreted. When George Washington was president he assigned to people to his cabinet. Hamilton and Jefferson both which tallyn differences in the constitution . One believe that so of the constitution was good the other believe that some of it was inappropriate. This cause a rift and a split into a two-party system (AP U.S. History Notes). Why do some people (including your professor) believe that Texas is once again a one-party state? Texas For many and many that sit down and speak on Texas and its politics see that Republicans run everything to see how everything that the President promotes they reject and are successful. The cost of living, the assistance giving to the needy diminishing and the way the rich and wealthy are catered to make me and others feel t is a one-sided situation and bring us to Texas being a one-party state. Texas and Oklahoma both have 2% Democrats and 98% Republicans, it is very unembellished to see that both are a one-party state (538 Politics).CiteAboukhadijeh, Feross. Development of the nonpartisan System AP U.S. History Topic Outlines Study Notes. Development of the Two-party System AP U.S. History Topi c Outlines Study Notes. StudyNotes.org. Study Notes, Inc., 17 Nov. 2012. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. . Gaddie, Ronald. DEMOCRATIC PARTY. DEMOCRATIC PARTY. Oklahoma Historical Society. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. . Munisteri, Steve. Overview and History Republican Party of Texas. Republican Party of Texas RSS. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. . Silver, Nate. FiveThirtyEight Senate Forecast GOP Is Slight Favorite in Race for Senate Control. FiveThirtyEight. 23 Mar. 2014. Web. 3 Oct. 2014. .

Change over Time: the Americas Essay

The social and economic transformations in the Americas occured as a result of new contacts with europium and Africa from 1450-1750. Large scale European immigration occured shortly after the voyages of Christopher Columbus starting in 1492. Immagrants came over to flee from religious persecution, seek economic opprotunities, ruin of government sponsored attempts to found colonies, or forcibly transported there as slaves or prisoners. As more and more people came to America they brought with them crops, livestock, and diseases.The Columbian exchange greatly affected the American society. It brought with it diseases, crops, and livestock. There were devastating effects of Old World diseases on Native American populations. Infectious diseases, such as smallpox, resulted in the largest stopping point toll in the New World. New foods became staples of human diets and new growing regions opened up for crops. Two of Americas major cash crops, sugar and coffee, come from Africa and Asia. ancestry from the Europe also flourished in the New World. One of Europeans first imports, the horse, changed th lives of many Native American tribes.Trade began to become a big leave of life in America. The transatlantic triangular trade operated in the 17th and 18th centuries between West Africa, the Americas, and European colonial powers. The trade represented a profitable enterprise of enslaved Africans. The use of slaves was fundamental to growing the colonial cash crops in the New World.A constant problem in the Americas was the dissagreements between the Natives and the European settlers. The settlers imposed their economic and religious beliefs on the Natives. They often tried to convert them to the European way of living. Europeans took over their land by using their advanced engineering science and enslaved them as workers or maids on plantations. This led to the constant wars and revolts between these two groups and ended up in many deaths of not only the Natives but the settlers too.

4222-305 Understand Positive Risk Taking for Individuals with Disabilities (Ld 305)

4222-305 fancy positive introduce taking for souls with disabilities (LD 305) 1. Understand that soulfulnesss with disabilities be acquit the same right as e veryone else to light up up lucks 1. 2 Explain wherefore, tradition each(prenominal)y, concourse with disabilities possess been demoralised or pr answered from taking perils. In Social C ar in that respect is an accountability for the welf atomic number 18 of the person, whether they be beingness wieldd for or en commensurated to be independent. The enabler has responsibility for the individual, and the Company that provides the service to the client has responsibility towards both the enabler and the individual.They are answerable to families, CQC, the local council, sociable educate blend iners and the police. An individual, who has the genial capacity to know and s evoke what they are doing and the consequences, is bound by British fair play. Risks are non just virtu altogethery accidents that whit ethorn happen they are in like manner ab forbidden behaviour and amicable awareness. When a someone is non fermenting in a soci bothy delicious manner, members of the public may complain or at least interfere. They may get hurt, or their range damaged. thither is a tension amidst the concept of duty of economic aid and potency and cellular inclusion.It is non legal under British Law to put vulnerable the great unwashed into a home of guess. How incessantly, it is non legal to imprison them either. There has been, and still is confusion and tension between the concepts of galoshguarding, responsibility, duty of care, inclusion, say-so, and enablement. In agone generations, thither was less inclusion for people with accomplishment disabilities, and if a soulfulness is non included in cursory life, and so they are non included in the happens experiencen in everyday life. persuasion ab divulge my pretend life I cook I cut my finger with a spit by accident. I iron I catch myself-importance and endure a sh in allow burn.I go after the pass I befool safety precautions, entirely a random car may speed up, or a motorbike turn without signalling. These are lucks I take several clock times daily. Why is a somebody with learning intemperateies exempt? They are non exempt, that there is the understanding that their concept of venture could be kind of unlike to mine. Beca consumption they aro intent learning difficulties, they may non learn that the knives cut, the iron is baking, and vehicles kill. wherefore they are at greater chance if allowed to cut with sharp knives, iron with alive(p) irons and cross delegacys solo, than I would be.Do we experience an over-bureaucratisation of care in the Western composition of the world? Is there a blame culture, arising from an increasingly litigious society? One mistake and a company is sued. The temptation is to do nothing that incurs pretend with no take chancess taken there is no discover of an accident. There is no chance of investigation, court proceedings, compensation, increased insurance charges and negative reputation adhering to the company. Companies who deliver Social distribute are accountable. They expect to follow British Law.Risk estimates should be put in place for dissembleivities that incur sensitive risk, and these need to be followed. The individual with learning difficulties should be back up so that risks are minimal, entryed, prepared for and no unneeded risks take place by means of and through negligence. Andy Alaszewski et al (1999) Em indexment and Protection a conclusion from this study was that organisations and agencies need to split risk policies that embrace both fosterion and empowerment issues if individuals with a learning disability are to bonk full lives in the community.An separate aspect of risk in the community is the right of people who do not pull in diagnosed learning difficulties to live their life wi th minimum disruption. I put one across taken a person with learning disabilities to a cafe where he put his hand in a persons salad, and tried to sit on their knee. Thank in full the salad had been left by the customer, but they did not want anyone seated on their knee. I had put risk discernments in place, and thought it a positive place to cypher the community, but I had no forewarning that the cafe was far more than(prenominal) than than full than usual, and that there would be no room to sit dget immediately.Here we establish an example of risk that was assessed, taken, and culminated uncomfortably. The customer left the premise quickly. Do I take the individual again another time? Or should we abandon all attempts to visit the cafe? It would be easier with two enablers, so one could find out schooling when the individual arrived at the premises, whilst the other enabler back up the individual. But there is no playing periodding for 2-1 care. This leaves a situation where risk leave alone al slipway be submit, but the skills of the enablers will hope amply grow as they learn shipway of promoting positive behaviour in the community. . 3 Describe the links between risk taking and responsibility, empowerment and social inclusion. Anybody who takes a full role in society takes risks crossing the road, using a omnibus, drive a car, and talking to people they do not know. Risk may be material (injury and accident), wound up (humiliation, sense of failure), or mental (stress). A person who is excluded from a pigeonholing is disempowered. Inclusion is a unwavering and forceful need. Many people consider being part of a tribe, gang, clique or social group a needful part of their life. Exclusion is disempowering.We are aware of bullying in schools, and the oral conversation still resound in my ears, You lowlifet be part of our gang With inclusion and empowerment contract afters the responsibility and consequences of taking part in societ y in a socially acceptable way. This is situated out in British Law. A gang may not adhere to British Law, and so there are consequences including unembellished risk taking leading to injury, death and imprisonment. The governing principle in arrears good shape upes to risk is that people submit the right to live their lives to the full as long as that does not part others from doing the same. (Independence, choice and risk a guide to best practice in supported ratiocination making. Department of Health, whitethorn 2007) Duty of care requires everyone to take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you burn reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. (Donoghue (or MAlister) v. Stevenson case, Lord Atkin 26th May 1932). The duty of care requires a person, with or without learning difficulties to consider the consequences of their acts and omissions and to ensure that these do not endow rise to a foreseeable risk of injury to another person.The expe ctation is that a person is pass judgment to act reasonably, not guarantee the safety of others at all times. Risk legal opinions should be put in place for those individuals who maybe bottomlandnot foresee the result of their acts, and would not understand the consequences. The duty of care rests with the social care providers. For a person with learning disabilities, they need social inclusion but are disempowered if they take part in social activities and yet do not be kick in in a socially creditworthy way. because risk minds are demand. I do a quick mental risk assessment when I cross the road.A person with learning disabilities may need that risk assessment doing on their behalf, receivable to lack of business awareness. The risk assessment may also identify their need to be fully supported as they cross the road. Once the risk assessment is in place, and adhered to by enablers, the individual good deal be taken into the community, guided across the road safely and po sitive consequences experienced. An example of social inclusion and empowerment can be seen in a Cake bake sale where a group of individuals with learning disabilities baked for the Cake Bake sale, and advertised it around the village.It was held at the Church Hall and proclaimed in the church service. Prior to the Cake Bake sale, two individuals had been regular members of the congregation and supported by enablers to take part in the service. The Cake Bake Sale was salubrious attended by some members of the congregation, who also supported by bringing cakes and helping to wash up and put crockery absent. There was a huge positive input from the local community. There were many risks involved from cooking with hot ovens, to walking up the church hall and crossing busy roads to get there.There were risks that the Cake Bake sale may not attract local community members beca social occasion it was kn throw to be run by people with disabilities. There were also risks in the handli ng of money and safekeeping of money. But these risks were assessed, catered for, the individuals supported in good order and the Cake Bake sale was a resounding success. It raised money for a compost masses and tools for a garden project. 2. 1 Explain the process of developing a positive person centred go about to risk assessment. UBUs policy is that a risk assessment should be completed when a person is involved in undertaking an opportunity that may put him or her at risk.It does not s bakshish the person taking part in that activity, but it does show that the risk element has been carefully calculated, evaluating the prospect of the risk against the severity of the risk. It is to be discussed with all the parties involved and so becomes a multi-disciplinary uprise. The risk is shown to be reasonable and will enhance the individuals quality of life, but at the same time, all precautions are being considered and put into action. Being a person-centred approach to risk assessme nt, the person (not the activity, and not the staff or the premises) is at the heart of the risk assessment.The persons behaviour and (if applicable) condition are taken into consideration. It is considered if the risk will induce emotional harm. High risk areas may be highlighted. A risk is assessed, save and monitored to ensure liveency, good communication, and on-going assessment and brushup take place of any ending taken. This demonstrates that thorough discussions have taken place. Risks are discussed at the three monthly quality review, and six monthly service evaluation. They will be taken into account at any other discussions held to assess a persons well being and progress.People learn through being presumption or seeking out opportunities. This may involve different amounts of risk. The first time somebody does something may be more risky than the time they do the same activity six months later. Knowing the person and understanding them is crucial, and this is where r isk assessment becomes positive. By knowing the person, their behaviour, medical condition, emotional welfare, habits, have it offment, strengths as well as weaknesses, the risk assessment can be tailored to their individual necessitate. just abouttimes expert advice from an external professional may also be demand to ensure the best risk assessment is created. . 2 Explain how to apply the principles and methods of a person centred approach to each of the different stages of the process of risk assessment. The first step in creating a risk assessment is to create a person centred deal out intent. This is called Getting to Know Me and is ideally created with the individual, keeping it as person-centred as possible. It documents practical information such as the name, address, date of birth, GP details, but also documents likes, dislikes, fears and other in-person information. There are two small boxes for each applicable section that are ticked if necessary.One is for Support Plans where redundant support is needed. The other is for Risk Assessment, where a formal risk is pin rangeed. The Getting to Know Me is kept on Sharepoint, the confidential electronic (computer based) system of UBU. By ticking the box, a risk assessment document is created for the individual and is filled in by the individual and person doing the assessment. The person doing the assessment will have received training to enable them to do this correctly. They will be a Deputy Manager or squad Leader, or higher manager. At the centre of Getting to Know Me, the support intends and the risk assessment lies the individual.The documents allow for individuality, whilst presenting a consistent approach throughout UBU. A risk assessment is bossed with the following sections * area * Issue * What has happened in the past? * What could happen in the future and is there anything that could sterilise it worse or crystallize it more likely to happen? * Who would be at risk and how woul d they be affected? * What is already happening to reduce or remove this risk? Have any other precaution excogitations been use or been effective previously? (if not why not) * found on all the information that has already been considered how likely is it that something will happen? A number is given scaled 1 5) * What supports you think this? * Based on all the information that has already been considered if something did happen then how serious could it be? (A number is given scaled 1 5) * What makes you think this? * A risk honor is then produced by the document * What is the risk from this issue? * Are there any benefits to my quality of life from this issue? * What needs to be through to remove this risk or make it less serious * Is there anything else that needs to be do to reduce this risk? * How, when and by whom will this be monitored? * My comments about this assessment (I agree with this assessment, I differ with this assessment because? ) (The individual is asked to fill this part in). * Where I disagree with any part of this assessment (The individual is asked to fill this part in). * The reason my enabling team feel that this should be included in my plans is * Does this present a specific risk to my enabling team? There is then room for planning a review. As it can be seen, the individual is part of the risk assessment process and consulted on their organization or dis organisation with it. 2. 3 Explain how a service focussed approach to risk assessment would differ from a person centred approach.Rather than focussing on the individual, their objectives, dreams and their life, the risk assessment is based on statistics. quite of giving room for the individual and their team to comment on the risks, the assessment and the prevention of undue risk being undertaken leading to danger, tick boxes are provided which do not allow for comment. The focus is on what can go wrong, not what can go right. The person is seen as a problem to be mana ged instead of a person to be enabled, and an individual who can fulfil ambitions and offer a contribution to society.At hit the person becomes an object for assessment. 2. 4 Identify the consequences for the individual of a service focussed approach to risk assessment. Individuals being supported in social care environments may seem to have less power and status than those who enable them, support and care for them. If they want to take a risk, the question that is most relevant might be that of, How does the risk affect the more powerful people who enable, support, care and manage the place where they are (live). If there is a risk involved that may affect the sensed powerful people, then it is more likely that the individual will be prevented from taking the risk. Sometimes the risk that is feared is more imagined than real. irregular actions from individual can have an impact on the reputation of the service provided by the company. This has happened at Mayfield Court, where a complex individual was taken out into the community where he caused some disruption. An member of the community complained to head office about the treatment of the individual as he was saved from rushing into a road with oncoming traffic.They did not like the way the enabler dealt with the situation. The enable was acting within the boundaries of the trouble Plan, Support Plan and Risk Assessments for that individual, but the member of the community was not used to the complex and unsocial behaviour of the individual. Should he then not be allowed to go walking and bike riding around reasonably safe areas of the locality? As a result companies providing support and care risk assess everything quite intrusively and obsessionally focus on every aspect of the lives, behaviours and voltage behaviours of the people they support. Proceduralisation is increased, defensive practices become the norm, and there is a culture of blame avoidance. The parties involved have very different in terests from each other. Conflict can result. Cooperation, agreement and action is needed so that individuals do lead the lives they dream of. 3. Understand the legal and policy textile underpinning an individual with disabilities right to make decisions and take risks. The benevolent Rights cultivate 1998 states * the right to life * slackdom from badgering and degrading treatment * emancipation fromslavery and forced labour the right to liberty * the right to a fair trial * the right not to be punished for something that wasnt a crime when you did it * the right to appreciate for private and family life * freedom of thought, conscience and religion, and freedom to express your beliefs * freedom of expression * freedom of forum and association * the right to marry and to start a family * the right not to be discriminated against in admire of these rights and freedoms * the right to peaceful enjoyment of your property * the right to an education * the right to participate i n free elections the right not to be subjected to the death penalty Many of these rights incur risk. Liberty means no imprisonment against the will. But taking part in freedom does incur risk. We all have the freedom to express our beliefs. Some people may express harsh or discriminatory beliefs. They will have to balance their responsibility to other people, their right to express their beliefs and the consequences that come of their expression. This is harder sometimes for a person with learning difficulties. Hence the risk assessments that may need to be in place. Everyone has the right to assembly and association.This leaves vulnerable people open to capability abuse (we all are property theft, verbal abuse to name two). They also need to be aware that other people have rights and there may be consequences to their actions that are not comfortable or pleasant. If a person with learning difficulties hits a member of public they may end up being arrested, or hit back. These are just some examples of Human Rights, the risks associated and the prerequisite to make risk assessments for vulnerable people to safeguard them as they do enjoy their full Human Rights as set out in British Law. The Mental Capacity Act 2005, Code of usage states 1.Every adult has the right to make their own decisions if they have the capacity to do so. You must assume that a person has capacity unless it can be established otherwise. 2. Individuals should receive support to help them make their own decisions and all possible steps should be taken to try to help him or her to reach a decision themselves. 3. Individuals have the right to make decisions that others might think are unwise. Making an unwise decision does not mean that a person lacks capacity. 4. A persons capacity must not be judged only on the basis of their age, appearance, condition or an aspect of their behaviour. 5.It is important to take all possible steps to try to help people make a decision for themselves. 6. Any act or decision should be the least restrictive in relation to its purpose. The Mental Capacity act promotes independence for people and also allows for the making of mistakes and learning through making mistakes. Without experiences people do not develop and learn. However, it also suggests that people are given the support needed, so that they do not come to harm whilst doing so. Risk assessments should not unreasonably restrict a person. They should safeguard them, but should be relevant to the real risk, not feared and imagined risks.NHS and Community Care Act 1990 sets out how the NHS should assess and provide for patients based on their needs, requirements and hatful. Each individual has different needs, requirements and circumstances and therefore the provision for each individual should be different. The Act introduced an internal market into the supply of health care, making the State an enabler of health and social care provision, not a provider. The duty for assess ing people for social care and support rests on the local authorities, so people who need community care, get the services they are entitled to.People giving care follow a set of rules called The Care Value Base. The care value base is a set of rules and guidelines that every care practitioner has to follow in order to provide services to their clients. The seven principles are 1. Promoting anti-discriminatory practice 2. Maintaining confidentiality of information 3. Promoting and supporting(a) individuals right to dignity, independence, choice and safety 4. Acknowledging peoples personal beliefs and identities 5. Protecting individuals from abuse 6. Providing effective communication and relationships 7. Providing personalised careWhen all these principles are in balance individuals should receive the support needed to live full and provoke lives, make their own choices and decisions to the extent of their mental capacity and yet be protected from abuse if vulnerable. They have a right to safety, and this is why risk assessments are put in place. Equality Act 2010 requires check treatment in access to employment as well as private and public services, unheeding of the characteristics of age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and polished partnership, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation.This ensures that people with learning disabilities should be able to make choices and decisions freely about seeking jobs and accessing all aspects of life. There should be no restrictions. Support should be given appropriately after assessment with support plans and risk assessments to ensure this can take place. cosmopolitan Social Care Council Code of Practice A social care worker must protect the rights and promote the interests of the service users and strive to maintain trust and confidence. The independence of the service users should be promoted, whilst protecting them as far as possible from danger or harm.This is where risk assessments and the adherence to such plays its part. A social care worker must respect the rights of the service user whilst seeking to ensure that their behaviour does not harm themselves or other people. There are consequences to actions, and responsibility lies both with the individual (if they have the mental capacity) and the social care worker. Public trust and confidence from the public with regards to social care services must be upheld. Members of the public should be able to see people with learning difficulties out in the community, but in a safe and sensible way.A social care worker is accountable for the quality of their work. They have the responsibility for maintaining and improving their knowledge and skills. The managers and deputies have the overall responsibility for Care Plans, Support Plans and Risk Assessments, but the enablers also have the responsibility to read them, understand them and put them into practice. Also, when they are reviewed and change, to re-read them a nd understand the new documents. Valuing People, snow-white Paper 2001 covers four key principles civil rights, independence, choice and inclusion.It takes a life-long approach starting with an integrated approach to services for disabled children and their families, then, providing new opportunities for a full and purposeful adult life. The proposals should result in improvements in education, social services, health, employment, housing and support for people with learning disabilities and their families and carers. Valuing People underpins the individuals right to make their own decisions, act independently and be included into society. A person with learning disabilities has the same civil rights as everyone else.They also share the same responsibilities, actions have the same consequences, and British Law applies. Whilst British Law strives to promote independence for people with disabilities, it does not protect them from the consequences of risk taking. This is where a balan ce is needed between duty of care (for both the individual and others), consequences of actions, learning from successes and mistakes, and ensuring an overall wellbeing for all concerned through risk assessment. 4. 1 Analyse why individuals with disabilities may be at risk of different forms of abuse, ontogeny and harm in different areas of their lives.An individual who is in supported living is often a more vulnerable person. The term vulnerable person refers to anyone over 18 who is or may be in need of community care services by reason of mental or other disability, age, illness, may be unable to take care of him or her, or is unable to protect him or her against substantive harm or exploitation. Who Decides, Lord Chancellors Office 1997 Such people may be elderly, physically or mentally frail, suffer from a mental illness including dementia, have a physical or sensory disability, have learning disabilities, or have a severe illness.Abuse is a impingement of an individuals hum an rights by any other person or persons. It may consist of a single or a repeated act. It is the maltreatment, physical, emotional or financial, of a vulnerable adult. It may comprise threatening behaviour, neglect, sexual abuse, or the misappropriation of finances or material assets. Abuse can be physical, sexual, psychological, financial or material, neglect and acts of omission, and discriminatory abuse. At Mayfield Court different individuals have different risk assessments in place to safeguard them in situations where perceived abuse could take place.One individual has been risk assessed that he should never be allowed to go to the pub alone, and must always have support. Incidents have happened when clients of pubs use threatening behaviour towards him. Another individual has a risk assessment that he cannot go alone into the community because he stares at children, especially young boys. Parents perceive him to be a risk to their children, although there are no grounds for this. He would like to play with the children, as he never could do so as a child due to his medical condition. So he looks longingly at them, and becomes a perceived risk in the community.As a result he could be abused by those who take action to protect their children (quite understandably). Another individual has no competent money and financial awareness. He has been risk assessed so that he must be supported in the community with regards to shopping. He would leave out all his money on goods that were not necessary, often repeat purchases of a single item (one journal is good, several of the same diary is better ) and would waste his money. This would lead to a situation where bills cannot be paying and the quality of his life would be compromised, so his risk assessments are in place to ensure it does not happen.Whilst this would be his choice, he could easily be abused financially by shopkeepers, or members of the public who take advantage of his good nature and vulnerabilit y. It would also be abusive to pretend to provide support for him, whilst not safeguarding him to manage his money in a reasonable and sensible way. bugping him buying items that he rattling enjoys, would also be abuse. On supporting one individual with severe Downs Syndrome through the streets of York, a school trip of children aged approximately 10 years old went by. Several of the children pointed their fingers and yelled out, Look at that little man This could be construed as abuse (although they are children, and probably more interested than abusive). But highlighting a persons differences negatively is discrimination and bullying. When managers consider the Care Plans for individuals, they need to consider such risks, and write risk assessments to safeguard individuals as they go about their normal, everyday life in community situations, because unfortunately there are risks in life by simply being out in the community for everybody and anybody. 4. 2 Explain how to support individuals to choose and manage authority risk in different areas of their lives.The enabler is in a key position to support an individual to recognise potential risk in everyday living situations. Once the risk has been recognised the enabler can work with the individual, and possibly Deputy Managers and Team Leaders to manage the risk. It depends on the graphic symbol of risk presented. Deputy Managers and Team Leaders at UBU write the risk assessments that are recorded in risk assessment documents on the Computer System Sharepoint. These may have been flagged up by enablers or keyworkers, but training is needed before the senior staff formally write them.The risk can be recognised by the individual, or by staff supporting them. Risk assessments are often written for an individual from their Care Plan (Getting to Know Me). The individual may be introduced to the perceived risks after the risk assessment has been created. It depends on their own awareness level. One individual thought she knew all about money and could not understand why she could not countersign her own finance records. She has been assessed as having no concept of the value of money, or any recognition of coins and notes.She does know money exists, it is in her purse, and it can be exchanged for goods, but the value is not understood. She has had a risk assessment put in place to state this, and Deputy Managers and Enabler summing up staff members sign and countersign the finance records. She has gently been taught to understand that although she loves to sign her name, and she wants to take on independence in this area of her life, it is too risky, and she has had to come to terms with the recognition of money usage and a potential area of abuse that has to be covered by risk assessments that must be adhered to by staff.Talking to individuals and pardoning in ways they can understand is a way to help them recognise areas of risk. An individual wanted to use the Spa pool at a hotel ne ar to his domicil. But he was nervous of the water and use of the pool, due to a perceived bad experience years previously. I took him to the spa pool where he could view the pool area and where he could created his own risk assessment of the facilities and activity. He talked me through his perceived risks, and I wrote them down.Sometimes I pointed out a risk to him, and he decided how to deal with the risk safely. in concert we created a detailed risk assessment, that I typed up and put in his folder so all staff could see it. I also gave a copy to the Team Leader so she could type it up onto Sharepoint. (Ref. Swimming Risk Assessment Reflective Statement 205/305/306) I use a Stop and Check method of risk recognition, using open questioning techniques before doing an activity. I ask, What shall we do? How shall we do this safely? This gives the individual chance to come up with the answers.The recall of past experience ingrains the knowledge, it gives them practice in thinking through a situation and safety awareness, and empowerment because they were not told, and they came up with the answer themselves. Some individuals learn through habitual practice and learn by rote. Verbal communication is not a primary method of communication for these individuals. When crossing a road I always enable them to split and CHECK before crossing whether or not there is traffic coming. We ALWAYS walk on the pavement. We ALWAYS use the little green man at the crossings.This way, they learn the habit of safely. I plan with a person in advance, and as we plan activities, we think about and discuss safety, accidents, the best way of doing something, and what the consequences might be if we did not do something. Going to a garden centre on sunshine becomes a risky business if an enabler does not have a bus timetable that is up to date, and shows the Sunday bus service. The consequence could be no transport home, and no money to pay for a taxi. I explain why to those who can understand the concept. An individual wants to iron, and seems very capable.He has cerebral palsy. I have explained to him that because of his mobility issues, and because an iron is hot and unwieldy, it is better that he lets me iron, whilst he puts away. I make sure he feels praised by his putting away skills, rather than undermined because I have not let him try ironing. At Pastimes (a day care centre) individuals have had access to Advocacy Meetings, where they learn about their rights, responsibilities and the consequences of their actions. Education (formal) be it at a college, evening or day class may supply teaching about risky situations.There are many ways to help an individual recognise the risks in their lives, and manage them. But tactfulness, support, and inclusion in the risk management activity is a way of enabling the individual to learn what risks are pertinent to themselves and how to circumvent difficult situations, accidents and injury, humiliation and stress. 4. 3 Explain the importance of balancing the choices of the individual with their own and others health and safety. When an individual makes choices, they take responsibility for their actions, and need to think ahead about the potential consequences.Thinking ahead does not always come naturally to everyone, including those who are not assessed as having learning difficulties. An individual wanted to go upstairs at Mayfield Court, to visit a friend who lived on the upper floor. She has been assessed as being at high risk of travel down the stairs. She has had it written into a formal risk assessment that she should not go up stairs. The reasons given are that she may fall and hurt herself badly, she may fall and land on top of somebody else, and she may damage property.She may not be able to get down the stairs. This may lead to a hospital visit, and the unnecessary usage of NHS ambulance and paramedic time. When in hospital, she may use more than her allotted support hours and the n have to do without support another day, or pay for the extra support hours. Alternatively, she may have to go to hospital unaccompanied. UBU are accountable for her safety to her parents. The individual does not have the right to chose activities or make decisions that put another person into danger. The worst case scenario is manslaughter.The person can be supported to lead a full life, but not one which puts others into unnecessary danger, or may lead to someones injury or death. UBU do not have the right to allow the individual to freely do whatever they want without any regard to their own and others safety. However, if an individual has the full capacity to make decisions and understand the decisions s/he is making, and chooses to do the activity knowing that they are putting themselves at risk, then there is nothing a UBU enabler can do to give away them.They can encourage them not to, point out the risks, point out the consequences and make very detailed records, but the e nabler cannot lock the person up and refuse to allow them out. Thus it was that the individual, who was not allowed to access the upstairs floor, went up anyway, knowing full well she should not do this, having been asked not to, and having had the consequences fully explained to her. She did get up and down the stairs without accident but she did also put herself into an area of potential risk.She did not have an enablers support at that point in the evening and made the decisions by herself. 4. 4 Describe how own values, belief systems and experiences may affect working practice when supporting individuals to take risks. I believe in freedom of choice, as long as it does not affect other people adversely, and as long as it is not obviously going to put the individual in a situation of danger or difficulty. I am a great believer in try it and see, and have a go. I have a very person-centred approach to life and try to include individuals in decisions and choices made.I support indi viduals to action and complete activities they have chosen to do. But I do adhere to risk assessments that are formally in place, and created risk assessments either formally (e. g. for a pass proposal) or mentally as a situation of perceived risk arises (e. g. crossing the road/ unveiling a cafe that seems quite full). I do not take unnecessary risks. I do think and plan ahead in great detail. This includes physical, mental and emotional risk assessment, as well as secondary concepts such as getting tired which may not seem to be a risk as such, but could lead to other dangers.A tired person, who has been walking more than normal, is more likely to suddenly refuse to go anywhere else, and they and their enabler may end up stuck in town, or far away from bus stops, without the ability to return home. My experiences have been mixed as I have learnt my job. The risk assessment completed for the swimming activity at the Spa pool was a very positive activity. This lead to the individua l using the pool facilities and overcoming his nervousness of water. The risk assessments completed before tenants holidays proven detailed and more than adequate to keep the individuals safe.However, there are always ad hoc experiences that one cannot plan for, and risk assessments must be done at the time of the risk being presented. I supported an individual to go to a supermarket and use the bus as transport. As it was the first time she had ever been, and she was new to Mayfield Court, the Deputy Manager went with me (we risk assessed that it was safer to have two of us supporting her, as she can present volatile behaviour). We took enough money for a taxi home if necessary. We went there, shopped successfully and had a fun time as well.We got on the bus home, and as we approached our stop, the individual rang the bell. The bus number one wood shot clean past the bus stop and we were a long way down the road before he could stop at the next bus stop. We disembarked but the in dividual lost heart and decided she would not move. We risk assessed at that point that getting a taxi the seemingly (to us) short way home was better than forcing her to try to walk, or creating a great fuss about walking, as we thought it necessary to complete the trip positively. Fortunately a taxi pulled up at a nearby shop, and we asked the driver to take us back to the individuals home.The risk of the bus over-shooting and missing the bus stop was not foreseeable, but because we had to make quick decisions with regards to the physical, mental and emotional welfare of the individual, and we risk assessed the situation immediately, the decision we did make turned out very positively. On an individuals holiday the individual asked for the freedom of the hotel, to go round, talk to people she had met, and have a drink with them. I risk assessed the situation as safe as long as I stayed within view, although minding my own business. I could be called on if necessary.The hotel staff s job was not to look after and support the individuals on holiday, but the hotel was for people with disablement, and part of their job description is to liaise with enablers and carers, and communicate any needs to them. Therefore I decided that it was a reasonable situation for the individuals development and although risk (of falling over, having a seizure, annoying staff or guests) was involved, because I was somewhere near and could be sought easily, the risk was minimal. I adhere very strictly to one individuals risk assessment with regards to road safety.He has no traffic sense and would walk in front of a vehicle. I ensure I position myself between him and the traffic. Another individual has no traffic sense, but has been taught to walk on pavements. He does this and only needs strict supervision when nearing road crossings. However, I still do remain mindful and vigilant when out in the community with him. One individual for the most part enjoys going into cafes, but if th ey are crowd or have the wrong sort of music on, he can display socially unacceptable behaviour. I plan a cafe trip, take the necessary equipment (his bowl, mat, wipes, cutlery, plastic beaker) with us.But when we arrive I make a judgement as to whether to proceed with the cafe activity dependent on his mood presentation, the circumstances within the cafe, and any other factors that need accommodating. The whole purpose of the cafe experience is for the individual to enjoy it, and the risk assessment highlights whether he is likely to enjoy the situation or not. If not, there is no point in doing it. Part of my risk assessment practice is to tune into the individuals mood and break up whether he is in the right mind-set to cope with a particular set of circumstances at that particular time.What is a positive experience on one day may be quite disruptive and negative the next day. 4. 5 Explain the importance of recording all discussions and decisions made. When I make decisions on behalf of an individual, especially ones that may have far reaching consequences, I need to evidence why I made them, and in what circumstances. I therefore record my support in a passing(a) Log, and if there are any incidents, these are recorded in a specific record for rough incidents or other incidents.The Daily Log is mostly used, and here we record what the individual chose to do, what they did, how they did it, what happened, and what the outcome was. When decisions are made, I evidence why that decision was made. The enabler is responsible for the welfare and the safety of the person they are supporting and this includes the physical, mental and emotional welfare and safety. UBU is also accountable, and hence have a full set of Policies and Procedures, Care Plans, Support Documents and Risk Assessments in place for each person.The nature of the job as an enabler is to support individuals so that accidents and injury, abuse and harmful decisions are not made. Risks are take n, but the Daily Log can show that the risk was reasonable, and assessment had taken place. The risk assessments can be referred to. The enabler is responsible for adhering to risk assessments, support plans and care plans. If the individual chooses and forces a decision to discount the risk assessment, or ignore it, it must be authenticated that reasonable persuasion took place. In some cases it can also be documented in the communication book and the individual can sign it.Two tenants decided to share support for the evening so they could go together to a pub for a drink. This meant that one tenant would have to forgo support, in the event of the other, more vulnerable tenants safety or health being compromised. I wrote out a contract in both their communication books which stated that they both understood what they were doing, what they were doing, what the consequences would be. They signed their own and each others books, and it was also fully recorded in the daily logs. They went out and had a good time.An individual whose risk assessment states he must be supported in the community at all times due to his lack of regard for traffic (after being run over by a car), ignored his risk assessment at a time when he was not supported, and went on a bus to a pub about 2 miles away. He then met another tenant who was there with his supporting enabler. He completed his journey in safety, but had put himself at considerable risk to do the journey. This was explained to him, but his attitude was that he wanted to socialise and have a drink, and he should not have to stay in all evening just because he did not have support.This is a difficult situation, but the individual did present the capacity to understand his decision, to know it went against his risk assessment, and that it may have had severe consequences. He did not show remorse. Some individuals have the mental capacity to choose to issue their risk assessments knowing the consequences, and others have no t. They cannot decide to disregard the risk assessments that have been put in place for their own welfare. They will act on what they think at the present moment. This capacity should also be risk assessed by professionals.A social care manager may have to be brought in to review and put support plans in place if a person repeatedly brought undue risk to them self or to others. A person who has the capacity to make a decision with understanding is accountable to British Law and the consequences of breaking it. UBU and I, as Enabler Plus, must evidence and record that all reasonable steps have been taken, policies and procedures followed, advice sought and followed, and authorities notified in accordance with UBUs policies and procedures. Susanna Fox 4. 7. 12

Efe Matrix

External Audit The impertinent audit is an powerful way for Ford to locate atomic number 18as that their company can improve. These beas are called opportunities and threats. In coiffure to create an external audit, Ford give request to look at several key external forces that play an authorized role in the companys future. Ford go away deprivation to look for forces that include stinting Forces, Social, Cultural, and Demographic Forces, Political, Governmental, and Legal Forces, Technological Forces, and Competitive Forces.Once these forces bear been located, they will be placed into a year of opportunity, which will protagonist the Ford, or it will be placed in the Threats category, which can hurt Ford. Opportunities Companies should unendingly capitalize on opportunities because they are the forces that will help the company obtain much revenue, or cast up their industry market share. Opportunities are the positive external forces that Ford will need to develop st rategies in order to continue the companys success. Below are the opportunities Ford require to capitalize. Refusing Bail tabu M 1yWhen the economy took a down turn many companies started having cash flow problems. Several automakers like General Motors and Chrystal, took bailout money in 2008 from the United States government in order to keep their company from financial ruin. These companies took 24. 9 billion dollars in bailout money. Ford was the only American automaker that did not take money from the government in order to combat the worst sales downturn in recent years. Industry Shifts towards interbreedings and Small Vehicles With gas prices tack rocketing, consumers are looking for much arouse effective vehicles and motorcars the run on electric instead of fuel.Ford has hear consumer concerns and has been improving their cars fuel efficiency. Ford now has several hybrid cars, like the Fusion, and SUVs. Along with smaller more fuel efficient cars like the Focus with 28 MPG in the city and 20 MPG on the highway. Toyotas 4. 4 Billion Dollar Loss angiotensin-converting enzyme of Ford biggest competitors Toyota seemed uns conkpable until the company began having major issues with one of their most popular cars the Prius. The problems with the Prius and the economic downturn caused Toyota to reported their first every net loss of 4. 4 billion dollars in 2009.Toyota overly warned that might fall deeper into debt in 2010. Ford and BP Join Forces to Produce total heat In 2004, BP and Ford joined forces to try and bring the United States closer to having a hydrogen economy. In order to accomplish this task Ford will be building 30 hydrogen-powered Focus Fuel-Cell Vehicles. The vehicles will be split between three cities, and BP will be building hydrogen fueling centers to help evaluate the cars each time they refuel. Ford and BP continue working to improve this technology. There is talk of having hydrogen cars available to consumers in three years. 01 0 Fusion Sets Records for the 5th Month Fords Fusion car has been their top selling vehicle since its introduction in 2006. The Fusion continues to improve with options of the hybrid model. The vehicle has legitimate awards like the close to Reliable Family Car from independent reliability and owner satisfaction survey data, Most Dependable Midsize Car J. D. Power and Associates, Motor Trends 2010 Car of the Year a super coveted industry accolade, and the 2010 North American Car of the Year awarded by a jury of top automotive journalists.Sales of the Fusion continue to be on the rise. Sales flummox risen to 219,219 for an 11. 9 portion share of the industry, giving Ford an increase in sales of 54 percent in 2010, fleck Toyota Camry has a 27 percent decline in sales and Honda Accord sales dropped 20 percent. Threats Threats are the negative external forces which could hurt the company. Companies will always need to minimize threats as they are the forces that will hinder a c ompanys goals and could hurt the companys bottom line. Below are the threats that Ford will need to minimize. Economic CrisisIn 2008 the economy starting having issues because of rising embrocate prices and unemployment, increased unemployment, a decline in dollar value, global inflation, a horrible housing market, and terrible mortgage crisis. many a(prenominal) companies started to have cash flow problem. Many companies like Ford had to close several manufacturing plants, laying hit thousands of individuals, which hinders the improvement of the economy. Consumer Confidence is Low Recent car accidents have led to low consumer confidence in the auto industry. These accidents have caused the lowest consumer confidence in 40 years.The entire auto industry needs to be concerned with consumer confidence since this will hurt their profits. rebellion Gas Prices With gas prices are on the rise, people are looking for ways to save their money. Since 2000 gas prices have gone from 1. 51 to 3. 85 with no end in sight. Consumers are every concerned that all their money is going to fuel up their vehicles. The United States government has flavorped in to require the auto industry to improve their vehicles miles per gallon. Foreign Automakers grocery Shares are high In the past most foreign cars have my extravagance vehicles created by Mercedes, BMW, and Lexus.Recently Toyota, Nissan, and Honda have been able to take a larger share of the industry by creating practical and affordable vehicles. Toyota has the held the encourage spot in the auto industry for 2008 and 2009. Honda held the fourth spot from 2008 through 2010. Both companies are broken competition for U. S. automakers. Ford has been in tough competition with Toyota for the second share of the industry. Competitor with Luxury Hybrid Hybrids have become very popular in the last couple of years since the price of oil has skyrocketed.Recently companies that specialized in more luxurious car models have been coming out with a luxury hybrid. U. S. News has ranked the best luxury hybrids with Mercedes, BMW, and Porsche taking all the top spots. EFE Matrix The external factor in evaluation matrix helps companies, like Ford, to understand and evaluate their external opportunities and threats from nine different categories. The categories include economic, social, cultural, demographic, environmental, political, governmental, legal, technological, and competitive information.If a firm has taken advantage of all opportunities and minimized all threats, then the company menstruum strategy would be working as they had hoped. However this is not always the case. The EFE Matrix is a outstanding way for companies to evaluate how their strategy is working for external opportunities and threats and to make improvements when necessary. To create an EFE Matrix a company must find the key factors, opportunities and threats, that will show what the company has encountered. First the company will nee d to find the key opportunities and then the threats.Next, companies will need to decide how to weigh each of the key factors. whole of the key factor weights must add up to 1. Then the key factors will need to have a rating of 1 to 4. Rating indicates how well strategies are working. A rating of 1 indicates a poor performance, while a rating of 4 indicates a superior performance. After figuring out the weight and rating, companies need to multiply the weight by the rating to find the weighted worst. Once that step is complete, add all the weighted scores together and find the total weighted score also known as the magic number.The highest magic number possible is 4 with the lowest world a 1. Ford Motor follows EFE Matrix is shown below. EFE Matrix for Ford Motor Company OpportunitiesWeightRatingWeighted Score Refusing bailout money5%30. 15 Industry shifts toward hybrids and small vehicles2%10. 02 Toyota 4. 4 billion dollar loss20%40. 8 Ford and BP enounce forces to produce hyd rogen power4%20. 08 2010 Fusion set records for 5th Month1%10. 01 Threats Economic Crisis30%41. 2 Consumer confidence is low5%30. 15 Rising Gas Prices30%41. 2 Foreign automakers market shares are high2%10. 02Competitor with first luxury hybrid 1%10. 01 (1) Poor, (2) Average, (3) higher up Average, (4) Superior Total Weighted Score100%3. 64 Fords EFE Matrix total weighted score is a 3. 64. Meaning the Fords strategy is helping them take the majority of opportunities presented to them, while doing a great job of dealing with threats. One of the opportunities taken by Ford was Toyota losing billions of dollars during their Prius difficulty. Ford also did a smart thing by not taking any bailout money from the government. Most customers appreciated this move, gist Ford was able to capitalize on this opportunity.However to improve their magic number Ford will need to readdress their strategy related to industry shifts and continue to have their vehicles set records. When looking at Ford s threats, Ford has had a good strategy for dealing with the economic crisis by cutting costs, which meant closing several manufacturing plants. This was not a popular decision but it needed to be done for Ford to survive the economic downturn. One of the ways to show that Ford dealt with the economic crisis well is their refusal to take bailout money. Ford faced another argufy head on with rising gas prices.When gas prices started to rise Ford started creating more fuel efficient cars like the Ford Focus and Fiesta, and began working on improving the gas mileage in their hand truck line. Ford also began putting smart technology in their vehicles. However, several threats still need to be addressed by Ford. Ford needs to be concerned with foreign automakers like Kia and Hyundai taking more and more of the market shares. Ford also needs to combine fuel efficiency with luxury to make out with their competition. Overall EFE Matrix shows Fords Strategy is working and only needs to con sider a few changes.